Blue and red light photoemitters as approach to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth / Fotoemissores de luz azul e vermelha como abordagem para inibir o crescimento de Staphylococcus aureus e Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The ability of pathogenic bacteria acquire resistance to the existing antibiotics has long been considered a dangerous health risk threat. Currently, the use of visible light has been considered a new approach to treat bacterial infections as an alternative to antibiotics. Herein, we investigated the antimicrobial effect of two range of visible light, blue and red, on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two pathogenic bacterial commonly found in healthcare settings-acquired infections and responsible for high rate of morbidity and mortality. Bacterial cultures were exposed to blue or red light (470 nm and 660 nm) provided by light-emitting diodes - LED. The fluencies and irradiance used for blue and red light were 284.90 J/cm², 13.19 mW/cm² and 603.44 J/cm², 27.93 mW/cm² respectively. Different experimental approaches were used to determine the optimal conditions of light application. Only exposure to blue light for 6 hours was able to inhibit about 75% in vitro growth of both bacterial species after 24 hours. The surviving exposed bacteria formed colonies significantly smaller than controls, however, these bacteria were able to resume growth after 48 hours. Blue light was able to inhibit bacterial growth upon inoculation in both saline solution and BHI culture medium. We can conclude that blue light, but not red light, is capable of temporarily retarding the growth of gram negative and gram positive bacteria.

A capacidade das bactérias patogênicas adquirirem resistência aos antibióticos existentes há muito tempo é considerada uma ameaça perigosa à saúde. Atualmente, o uso da luz visível tem sido considerado uma nova abordagem no tratamento de infecções bacterianas como alternativa aos antibióticos. Neste trabalho, investigamos o efeito antimicrobiano de duas faixas de luz visível, azul e vermelha, em Staphylococcus aureus e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, duas bactérias patogênicas comumente encontradas em infecções adquiridas em instituições de saúde e responsáveis por alta taxa de morbimortalidade. As culturas bacterianas foram expostas à luz azul ou vermelha(470 nm e 660 nm) fornecida por diodos emissores de luz - LED. As fluências e irradiâncias utilizadas para luz azule vermelha foram 284,90 J/cm², 13,19 mW/cm² e 603,44 J/cm², 27,93 mW/cm², respectivamente. Várias abordagens experimentais foram utilizadas para determinar as condições ótimas de aplicação da luz. Apenas a exposição à luz azul por 6 horas foi capaz de inibir cerca de 75% o crescimento in vitro de ambas as espécies bacterianas após24 horas. As bactérias expostas sobreviventes formaram colônias com um tamanho significativamente menor do que os controles, contudo, essas bactérias conseguiram retomar o crescimento normal após 48 horas. A luz azul foi capaz de inibir o crescimento das bactérias após sua inoculação em solução salina ou no meio de cultura rico em nutrientes BHI. Podemos concluir que a luz azul mas não a luz vermelha é capaz de retardar temporariamente o crescimento de bactérias Gram-negativas e Gram-positivas.

Study on Electromagnetic Interference Risk of Active Implantable Medical Devices in Multiple Unit Environment / 中国医疗器械杂志

Concerning on the safety risks caused by electromagnetic interference of patients implanted with high-risk active implantable medical devices in the environment of domestic MUs, this study evaluates and focuses on the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility in domestic and international standards for rail transit vehicles, the main mechanism of risks caused by EMI, the actual measurement of environmental data in MUs and the working performance of various active implantables in the compartment. The test results shows that all kinds of active implantable medical device samples works normally in the CRH2A EMU in China, and there is still a large margin between the measured radiation emission in MU and the limit required by the standards.

Guilingji Capsules reduce 900 MHz collphone electromagnetic radiation-induced testicular oxidative damage and downregulate Prdx2 protein expression in the rat testis / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the relationship of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from 900 MHz cellphone frequency with testicular oxidative damage and its influence on the Prdx2 protein expression in the rat testis, and to explore the mechanism of Guilingji Capsules (GC) alleviating oxidative damage to the testis tissue.@*METHODS@#Fifty healthy SD male rats were randomly divided into five groups of equal number, sham-EMR, 4-h EMR, 8-h EMR, 4-h EMR+GC and 8-h EMR+GC and exposed to 900 MHz EMR (370 μW/cm2) for 0, 4 or 8 hours daily for 15 successive days. The rats of the latter two groups were treated intragastrically with GC suspension and those of the first three groups with pure water after exposure to EMR each day. After 15 days of exposure and treatment, all the rats were sacrificed and their testis tissue collected for observation of the histomorphological and ultrastructural changes by HE staining and transmission electron microscopy, measurement of the levels of serum glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) with thiobarbiuric acid and determination of the Prdx2 protein expression by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the rats in the sham-EMR group, those in the 4-h and 8-h EMR groups showed different degrees of histomorphological and ultrastructural changes in the testis tissue, significantly decreased levels of GSH (［80.62 ± 10.99］ vs ［69.58 ± 4.18］ and ［66.17 ± 8.45］ mg/L, P < 0.05) and SOD (［172.29 ± 10.98］ vs ［158.92 ± 6.46］ and ［148.91 ± 8.60］ U/ml, P < 0.05) and increased level of MDA (［7.51 ± 1.73］ vs ［9.84 ± 1.03］ and ［11.22 ± 2.13］ umol/ml, P < 0.05), even more significantly in the 8-h than in the 4-h EMR group (P < 0.05). In comparison with the sham-EMR group, the expression of the Prdx2 protein was markedly downregulated in the 4-h and 8-h EMR groups (0.56 ± 0.03 vs 0.49 ± 0.03, 0.21 ± 0.01, P < 0.05), but again upregulated in the 4-h and 8-h EMR+GC groups (0.55±0.03 and 0.37±0.04) (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Electromagnetic radiation from cellphones can cause ultrastructural damage to the testis tissue of male rats, while Guilingji Capsules can alleviate it, presumably by upregulating the Prdx2 protein expression in the testis tissue and reducing testicular oxidative damage.

Testicular cancers in Radiation and Isotope centre, Khartoum, Sudan: a retrospective study

This is a retrospective study of 44 cases of testicular cancers treated at the Radiation and Isotopes Center ofKhartoum (RICK).The mean age was 29.9 years. Six patients (13.6%) had undescended testicles; 24 patients (54.4%) presented with stages three and four. Only 20 patients (45.4%) survived for five years and . more

Extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation enhanced energy metabolism and induced oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans / 生理学报

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on energy metabolism and oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Worms in three adult stages (young adult stage, egg-laying stage and peak egg-laying stage) were investigated under 50 Hz, 3 mT ELF-EMF exposure. ATP levels, ATP synthase activity in vivo, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, and changes of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were detected, and worms' oxidative stress responses were also evaluated under ELF-EMF exposure. The results showed that ATP levels were significantly increased under this ELF-EMF exposure, and mitochondrial ATP synthase activity was upregulated simultaneously. In young adult stage, worms' ROS level was significantly elevated, together with upregulated TAC but with a decreased ROS-TAC score indicated by principal component analysis. ROS level and TAC of worms had no significant changes in egg-laying and peak egg-laying stages. Based on these results, we concluded that ELF-EMF can enhance worm energy metabolism and elicit oxidative stress, mainly manifesting as ATP and ROS level elevation together with ATP synthase upregulation and ROS-TAC score decrease in young adult C. elegans.

Sintomas neurológicos e exposição à radiação eletromagnética da telefonia celular / Neurological symptoms and exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted by cellphones / Síntomas neurológicos y exposición a la radiación electromagnética de teléfonos celulares

A tecnologia de comunicação sem fio, embora produza benefícios à exposição à radiação da telefonia celular, tem aumentado a preocupação da comunidade científica e sociedade em geral devido à possibilidade de efeitos adversos na saúde humana. Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar a associação entre exposição à radiação eletromagnética não ionizante (Reni) decorrente da estação radiobase de telefonia celular (TC) e sintomas neurológicos na população residente nos bairros do Bonfim e Monte Serrat do município de Salvador/BA. Em um estudo transversal realizado em Salvador/BA, entrevistaram-se 440 indivíduos. Queixas neurológicas constituíram as variáveis dependentes. Realizou-se análise de regressão logística hierarquizada para avaliação de confundimento. Observou-se associação entre sintomas neurológicos e formas de uso do telefone celular (mais de 30 min/dia, com sinal de cobertura fraco, dois ou mais chips e nunca desligar o celular quando dorme) e com uso de outros eletroeletrônicos. A exposição à Reni/TC foi associada aos sintomas neurológicos independente do sexo e escolaridade. Recomenda-se a adoção de medidas precaucionárias no sentido de se reduzir este tipo de exposição.

While wireless communication technology yields benefits, exposure to Radiation/TC has increased the concern of the scientific community and society at large because of their potential to cause adverse effects on human health. We analyzed the association between exposure to non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation arising from the cellular radio base station and neurological symptoms in the population living in the Bonfim and Monte Serrat, neighbourhoods of Salvador/BA. This cross-sectional study in Salvador, Bahia, included 440 interviewees. Neurological complaints were the dependent variables. An analysis of hierarchical logistic regression was conducted to assess confounding. We found an association between neurological effects and residential proximity to the BTS, various forms of cell phone use (more than 30 min/day, with weak signal coverage, near the body, two or more chips, and never turning off the phone while sleeping), and the use of other electronics. Exposure to RENI/MP and other electronics were shown to be associated with neurological effects regardless of sex and education. The adoption of precautionary measures to reduce this type of exposure is recommended.

Aunque la tecnología de comunicación inalámbrica beneficia la exposición a la radiación de la telefonía celular, se ha aumentado la preocupación de la comunidad científica y la sociedad en general por la posibilidad de ocasionar efectos adversos a la salud humana. El presente artículo pretende investigar la asociación entre la exposición a la radiación electromagnética no ionizante (Reni) resultante de la estación base de telefonía celular (TC) y los síntomas neurológicos en la población que vive en los barrios de Bonfim y Monte Serrat en la ciudad de Salvador/BA. El estudio transversal realizado en Salvador/BA entrevistó a 440 personas. Las quejas neurológicas fueron las variables dependientes. Se realizó un análisis de regresión logística jerárquica para evaluar la confusión. Se observó una asociación entre los síntomas neurológicos y las formas de uso de la telefonía celular (más de 30 min/día, con una señal de cobertura débil, dos o más chips y la costumbre de nunca apagar el móvil cuando duerme) y con el uso de otros dispositivos electro-electrónicos. La exposición a la Reni/CT se asoció con síntomas neurológicos independientemente del género y el nivel de estudios. Se recomiendan medidas de precaución para reducir este tipo de exposición.

La matriz extracelular en la curación de las heridas cutáneas. Aspectos físicos, químicos y biológicos / Extracellular matrix in healing of cutaneous wounds. Physical, chemical and biological aspects

Se revisan los nuevos conocimientos sobre la matriz extracelular (MEC), que han permitido descubrir su importante rol en la cicatrización de las heridas cutáneas. Se describen sus características morfofisiológicas y cómo interviene en la curación de las heridas cutáneas. Se presentan cuatro casos clínicos en los que se aplicó este enfoque terapéutico: los sustitutos de piel y la “cura húmeda”.

We review the new knowledge about the extracellular matrix (ECM) that has allowed us to discover its important role in the healing of cutaneous wounds. The morphophysiological characteristics of ECM and its role in the healing of cutaneous wounds are described. Four clinical cases are presented where this therapeutic approach was applied: the skin substitutes and the “moist wound healing”.

Research on Field Strength of Radiated Immunity Test for Active Implantable Medical Devices / 中国医疗器械杂志

In order to compare the radiation immunity test level of ISO 14708 series standards and the domestic and international environmental radiation standards and then to ascertain whether the radiated immunity test level has reached the limit of the radiation strength in the relevant radiation environmental standards, this paper calculated the radiation field intensity and power density according to the radiated immunity test of ISO 14708 standards, and compared with the limit of ICNIRP 1998 and GB 8702-2014.

Survey on Awareness for Environmental Health Risk of Fetus and Infant in Reproductive-aged Women / 이화의대지

OBJECTIVES: The accumulated evidence shows that adult disease may have origins during the fetal period and maternal environmental exposure may affect fetus and infant health. To assess the environmental health of fetus and infants and examine women's concerns about environmental health, we designed and conducted an environmental health survey in reproductive-aged women in 2011. METHODS: A stratified multi-stage design was adopted for our survey, and 1,000 reproductive-aged women aged 25 to 39 years participated. The participants were asked to complete an electronic questionnaire using the computer-assisted web interviewing method. All the participants were married woman, and 80% had experienced pregnancy before completing the survey. RESULTS: In the study, 86.3% of the participants responded that they are worried about the environmental problems that may affect the fetus and infant. The participants responded that they were most worried about global warming and climate change (36.2%), electromagnetic waves (31.4%), and endocrine disrupting chemicals (25.1%). Moreover, participants responded that environmental problem can cause children's allergic disease, such as atopic dermatitis, metabolic syndrome and growth development. CONCLUSION: We found reproductive-aged women have high awareness of children's environmental health. We also recommended that additional surveys on mother and child environmental health be conducted to make a health policy for women, fetus and infant.

Alterations in Spontaneous Movement, Corticosterone, and Cytokines in Mice Exposed to 835 MHz Radiofrequency Radiation / 체질인류학회지

Although commercialization of mobile phones has raised much concerns about the effects of radiofrequency radiation on the human body, few experimental studies have been conducted on the effects of radiofrequency radiation on physiological homeostasis, immune and inflammatory responses. Therefore, we presently investigated the effect of 835 MHz radiofrequency radiation on spontaneous wheel exercise, hormone and cytokines levels in the plasm of mice. Mice were divided into 4 groups as control, exercise, radiofrequency radiation, radiofrequency radiation & exercise group. The body weight, corticosterone and blood cytokine levels were checked for 10 weeks. Followed by the exposure to radiofrequency radiation for 6 hours a day, the more increase in body weight was observed in the radiofrequency radiation & exercise group than in the spontaneous exercise group. When the amount of spontaneous exercise was measured for 10 weeks, the amount of exercise was increased in the both control and spontaneous exercise group, while the amount of exercise was decreased in the radiofrequency radiation group. To determine whether the homeostasis, immune and inflammatory responses are indirectly affected by radiofrequency radiation exposure, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 (p70), TNF-α, IFNγ, and GM-CSF were measured by ELISA kit, respectively. As a result, the blood levels of IL-6, IL-12 (p70) and TNF-α in the spontaneous exercise group were higher than that of control group, and each cytokine levels in the radiofrequency radiation & exercise group were lower than that of control group. However, the corticosterone, IL-1β, IFNγ and GM-CSF didn't show statistically significant differences in all groups. It has been confirmed that exposure to high frequency electromagnetic waves for a long time can affect the amount of exercise, body weight, and some inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-12 (p70) and TNF-α.

Interferência eletromagnética documentada em monitor de eventos implantável / Documented magnetic resonance imaging interference in implantable loop monitor

Monitores de eventos implantáveis estão cada vez mais presentes em nossa realidade. Este relato tem como foco o registro eletrocardiográ- fico obtido por monitor de eventos implantável durante ressonância magnética de paciente com síncope de repetição. O registro demonstra traçado interpretado erroneamente como taquicardia ventricular. O reconhecimento de interferências deve ser parte do treinamento do médico que atende e avalia dispositivos implantáveis

Implantable loop recorders are increasingly more present in our reality. This report is focused on the electrocardiographic recording obtained by implantable loop monitor during magnetic resonance imaging in patients with repeated syncope. The recording shows a tracing misinterpreted as ventricular tachycardia. Identifying interferences must be part of the training of attending physicians who sees patients and evaluates implantable devices

Exposure to radiofrequency radiation emitted from mobile phone jammers adversely affects the quality of human sperm

Background: The health effect of rapidly increasing everyday exposure of humans to radiofrequency radiation is a major global concern. Mobile phone jammers prevent the mobile phones from receiving signals from base stations by interfering with authorized mobile carriers' services. In spite of the fact that mobile jammer use is illegal, they are occasionally used in offices, shrines, conference rooms and cinemas. The purpose of this study was to investigate the biological effects of short term exposure of human sperm to radiofrequency radiation emitted from a commercial mobile phone jammer

Materials and Methods: Fresh semen samples were obtained by masturbation from 50 healthy donors who had referred with their wives to Infertility Treatment Center at the Mother and Child Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Female problem was diagnosed as the reason for infertility in these couples. The semen sample of each participant was divided into 4 aliquots. The first aliquot was subjected to swim-up and exposed to jammer radiation. The second aliquot was not subjected to swim-up but was exposed to jammer radiation. The third and fourth aliquots were not exposed to jammer radiation but only the 3rd aliquot was subjected to swim-up

Results: Semen samples exposed to radiofrequency radiation showed a significant decrease in sperm motility and increase in DNA fragmentation

Conclusion: Electromagnetic radiation in radiofrequency range emitted from mobile phone jammers may lead to decreased motility and increased DNA fragmentation in human semen. It can be concluded that mobile phone jamming might exert adverse reproductive health effects

A demonstração das ondas gravitacionais e suas possibilidades de aplicação na área de saúde / The demonstration of gravitational waves and their application possibilities in the health area

Entrevista realizada no dia 31 de março de 2016, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brasil. Entrevistado: Rodrigo Picanço Negreiros Bolsista de Produtividade em Pesquisa do CNPq - Nível 2 - CA FA - Física e Astronomia. Possui graduação em Física pela Universidade Federal Fluminense (2004), mestrado em Física pela Universidade Federal Fluminense (2005) e Ph.D. pela San Diego State University/Claremont Graduate University. Atuou como um posdoc no Frankfurt Institute for Advance Studies, na Goethe University, em Frankfurt am Main, Alemanha. Atualmente é professor no Instituto de Física da Universidade Federal Fluminense. Suas áreas de pesquisa envolvem principalmente física nuclear e estrelas compactas (estrelas de nêutrons, estrelas de quarks, pulsares ...), astrofísica relativística, métodos numéricos e física de matéria ultra-densa. Entrevistadores: Dalmo Machado Valério de Lima RN (UFF), MSN (UNIRIO), PhD (USP). Professor Adjunto da Escola de Enfermagem Aurora de Afonso Costa (EEAAC/UFF), do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Cardiovasculares (PPGCCV/UFF) e do Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Enfermagem Assistencial (MPEA/UFF), Editor Chefe do Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing (OBJN), Conselho Consultivo da Associação Brasileira de Editores Científicos (ABEC), Líder de Grupo de Pesquisa: Cardiovisão ­ Núcleo de Cardiointensivismo Baseado em Evidências e Gestão de Informação e Conhecimento em Saúde Jorge Luiz Lima da Silva RN (UFF), MSN (UNIRIO), Doutor em Ciências área de Saúde Pública (ENSP/FIOCRUZ). Professor Adjunto da Escola de Enfermagem Aurora de Afonso Costa (EEAAC/UFF), Editor Associado do Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing (OBJN), integrante do Grupo de Pesquisa: Trabalho em Turnos e Repercussões na Saúde.

Control observation between mild moxibustion and TDP for obsolete collateral ligament injury of interphalangeal joints / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the effects between mild moxibustion and specific electromagnetic spectrum therapy apparatus (TDP) for obsolete collateral ligament injury of interphalangeal joints.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients were randomly divided into a mild moxibustion group and a TDP group, 30 cases in each one. In the mild moxibustion group, pure moxa sticks were used at the affected digital joints locally for 20-30 min a time. In the TDP group, TDP was applied at the affected digital joints locally for 20-30 min a time. The treatment was given once a day for two courses, and 10-day treatment was made into a course. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, swelling degree of the affected digital joints before and after treatment were observed and the clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated in the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The excellent rate was 56.7% (17/30) and the excellent and, good rate was 83.4% (25/30) in the mild moxibustion group,which were better than 36.7% (11/30) and 76.7% (23/30) in the TDP group respectively (both P < 0.01). After treatment the score of VAS and digital joints swelling degree were improved than those before treatment in the two groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and the improvements of the mild moxibustion group were better than those of the TDP group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mild moxibustion can apparently relieve the painful and swelling degree of obsolete collateral ligament injury of interphalangeal joints, which is superior to TDP.</p>

Cellphone electromagnetic radiation damages the testicular ultrastructure of male rats / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>Objective</b>To investigate the influence of cellphone electromagnetic radiation (CER) on the testicular ultrastructure and the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells in male rats.atability, feasibility, applicability, and controllability in the construction of experimental animal models, we compared the major anatomic features of the penis of 20 adult beagle dogs with those of 10 adult men. Using microsurgical techniques, we performed cross-transplantation of the penis in the 20 (10 pairs) beagle dogs and observed the survival rate of the transplanted penises by FK506+MMF+MP immune induction. We compared the relevant indexes with those of the 10 cases of microsurgical replantation of the amputated penis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty adult male SD rats were equally randomized into a 2 h CER, a 4 h CER, and a normal control group, the former two groups exposed to 30 days of 900 MHz CER for 2 and 4 hours a day, respectively, while the latter left untreated. Then the changes in the ultrastructure of the testis tissue were observed under the transmission electron microscope and the apoptosis of the spermatogenic cells was determined by TUNEL.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the normal controls, the rats of the 2 h CER group showed swollen basement membrane of seminiferous tubules, separated tight junction of Sertoli cells, increased cell intervals, apparent vacuoles and medullization in some mitochondria, and increased apoptosis of spermatogenic cells, mainly the apoptosis of primary spermatocytes (P<0.05 ). In comparison with the 2 h CER group, the animals of the 4 h CER group exhibited swollen basement membrane of seminiferous tubules, more separated tight junction of Sertoli cells, wider cell intervals, incomplete membrane of spermatogonial cells, fragments of cytoplasm, nuclear pyknosis and notch, slight dilation of perinuclear space, abnormalities of intracellular mitochondria with vacuoles, fuzzy structure, and fusion or disappearance of some cristae, and increased damage of mitochondria and apoptosis of spermatogenic cells, including the apoptosis of spermatogonial cells, primary spermatocytes, and secondary spermatocytes (P<0.05 ).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CER can damage the testicular ultrastructure and increase the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells of the male rat in a time-dependent manner, and the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells may be associated with the damage to mitochondria.</p>

Radiofreqeuncy Catheter Ablation for Tachyarrhythmia / 대한내과학회지

Radiofrequency (RF) refers to the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in which electromagnetic waves can be generated by feeding an alternating current to an antenna. RF energy is electrically conducted, not radiated, during catheter ablation, and RF rarely induces rapid polymorphic arrhythmias. When using RF to measure lesion size in a steady state, the lesion size is proportional to the temperature measured at the tissue-electrode interface and the RF power amplitude. Focal ablation using RF is the treatment of choice for all supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, including AV nodal reentry, tachycardias with concealed accessory pathways, incessant automatic atrial tachycardia, isthmus dependent atrial flutter, and other macroreentrant atrial tachycardias. The isolation of pulmonary veins by RF energy has been successful for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

Exposição a radiações eletromagnéticas não ionizantes da telefonia celular e sintomas psiquiátricos / Exposición a la radiación electromagnética no ionizante de la telefonía móvil y síntomas psiquiátricos / Exposure to non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation from mobile telephony and the association with psychiatric symptoms

Resumo O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar a associação entre exposição a radiações eletromagnéticas não ionizantes da estação radiobase de telefonia celular e sintomas à saúde. Em um estudo transversal realizado em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, entrevistaram-se 440 indivíduos. Queixas e diagnósticos psiquiátricos constituíram as variáveis dependentes e a distância do domicílio para estação radiobase foi considerada a variável independente principal. Realizou-se análise de regressão logística hierarquizada para avaliação de confundimento e efeito. Observou-se associação entre sintomas psiquiátricos e residir próximo à estação radiobase e formas de uso do telefone celular (sinal de cobertura fraco, perto do corpo, dois ou mais chips e nunca desligar o celular quando dorme) e com uso de outros eletroeletrônicos. Concluiu-se que a exposição à radiação eletromagnética não ionizante de telefonia celular e a outros eletroeletrônicos foi associada aos sintomas psiquiátricos independente do sexo, escolaridade e tabagismo. Recomenda-se a adoção de medidas precaucionárias no sentido de se reduzir este tipo de exposição.

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la asociación entre la exposición a la radiación electromagnética no ionizante de una estación base telefonía móvil y sus efectos sobre la salud. Se trata de un estudio transversal en Salvador, Bahía, Brasil, donde se entrevistaron a 440 personas. Las quejas y diagnósticos psiquiátricos fueron las variables dependientes y la distancia del hogar a la estación base se consideró como la variable independiente principal. Se realizó un análisis de regresión logística jerárquica para evaluar la confusión y modificación de los efectos. Se observó una asociación entre los efectos psiquiátricos y residir cerca de una estación base y formas de uso del teléfono celular (débil cobertura de la señal, cerca del cuerpo dos o más chips y nunca apagar el teléfono cuando se duerme) y uso de otros aparatos electrónicos. Se concluyó que la exposición a radiación no ionizante de la telefonía móvil y otros aparatos electrónicos se asoció con efectos psiquiátricos, independiente de sexo, la educación y el tabaquismo. Se recomienda la adopción de medidas de precaución, con el fin de reducir la exposición.

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the association between exposure to non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation from mobile phone base stations and psychiatric symptoms. In a cross-sectional study in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil, 440 individuals were interviewed. Psychiatric complaints and diagnoses were the dependent variables and distance from the individual’s residence to the base station was considered the main independent variable. Hierarchical logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess confounding. An association was observed between psychiatric symptoms and residential proximity to the base station and different forms of mobile phone use (making calls with weak signal coverage, keeping the mobile phone close to the body, having two or more chips, and never turning off the phone while sleeping), and with the use of other electronic devices. The study concluded that exposure to electromagnetic radiation from mobile phone base stations and other electronic devices was associated with psychiatric symptoms, independently of gender, schooling, and smoking status. The adoption of precautionary measures to reduce such exposure is recommended.

La memoria del agua, una historia que ya no puede soslayarse / The memory of water, a story that can no longer be ignored

Toda esta historia inició hace millones de años, pero fue hasta que Samuel Hahnemann desarrolló el método homeopático y propuso dinamizar los medicamentos homeopáticos (que no es otra cosa que triturar y mezclar con lactosa y diluir y agitar en alcohol/agua) que se empezó a estudiar el tema. Recientemente, el Dr. Luc Montaigner, ganador del Premio Nobel, demostró la capacidad que tiene el agua para guardar información electromagnética emitida por el ADN de ciertos microorganismos y conservarla. Una vez que los microorganismos fueron eliminados por filtrado del cultivo, se pudo ver que dicha información era capaz de favorecer la reaparición de los microorganismos que las emitieron. Esto se relaciona íntimamente con los trabajos de Jacques Benveniste, y éstos, a su vez, con los postulados de la Homeopatía emitidos por Samuel Hahnemann, hace doscientos años...

This history started a million years ago, but it was until Samuel Hahnemann developed the homeopathic method and proposed to Dynamise the homeopathic medicines (which is no other thing that to triturate and mix with lactose and dilute and shake in water /alcohol), that the matter began to be studied. Recently Dr. Luc Montaigner, Nobel Prize winner demonstrated the ability of water to store electromagnetic information issued by DNA from of certain microorganisms and keep it. Once the microorganisms were eliminated by culture filtrate, he saw that the electromagnetic information optained was capable of promoting the reappearance of microorganisms that had issued it. This is closely related to the work of Jacques Benveniste and these, in turn, with the principles of homeopathy issued by Samuel Hahnemann, two hundred years ago...

Exposure of pregnant rats to shortwave electromagnetic athermal radiation does not adversely affect their fetuses / Exposição de ratas prenhes a ondas curtas de radiação eletromagnética atérmica não afeta adversamente os seus fetos

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine whether shortwave electromagnetic radiation in pulsed mode with a frequency of 45 Hz, promotes teratogenic changes, stillbirths and changes in organ weight at birth in the fetuses of pregnant rats exposed to this radiation. METHOD: Ten black Macole pregnant female rats were studied, 5 in a test group, subjected to electromagnetic radiation with an average power of 4.5 W for 15 minutes, on a daily basis, during the entire period of pregnancy and 5 in a control group that was not exposed to radiation. At day 21, the animals were euthanized for analysis of fetuses. To assess the thermal effect of the radiation the abdominal temperature was measured before and after application, together with prevailing ambient temperature. The fetuses were evaluated through the Galant reflex to assess the existence of stillbirths. The fetuses were removed and weighed; through a midline laparotomy their hearts, stomachs, kidneys and livers were excised and weighed, wet and dry. Twenty-nine fetuses were harvested in the control group and 59 in the test group, with no cases of stillbirth, teratogenesis or malformation of internal organs. RESULTS: The analysis found no differences in birthweight and weight of dehydrated organs when compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: The results in our findings suggest that exposure to shortwave therapy without significant heat buildup, does not lead to teratogenic changes and did not affect the mass and weight of dehydrated internal organs.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar se a radiação eletromagnética de ondas curtas em modo pulsado com uma frequência de 45 Hz, promove mudanças teratogênicos, natimortos, mudanças no peso do órgão ao nascimento em fetos de ratas grávidas expostas a essa radiação. METODO: Foram estudados dez ratas grávidas da raça Marcole, cinco num grupo teste, submetidas a radiação eletromagnética com uma potência média de 4,5W, durante 15 minutos, diariamente, durante todo o período da gravideze cinco num grupo controle, não expostas a radiação. No 21º dia, os animais foram sacrificados para análise dos fetos. Para avaliar o efeito da radiação térmica, a temperatura abdominal foi medida antes e depois da aplicação, em conjunto com a temperatura ambiente prevalente. Os fetos foram submetidos ao reflexo de Galant para avaliara existênciade natimortos. Os fetos foram removidos e pesados; através de uma laparotomia mediana seus corações, estômagos, rins e fígados foram extirpados e pesados, frescose secos. RESULTADOS: Vinte e nove fetos foram colhidos no grupo controle e 59 no grupo de teste, sem casos de natimortos, teratogênese ou malformação dos órgãos internos. A análise não encontrou diferenças no peso ao nascer e peso de órgãos desidratados quando comparados com o grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados sugerem que a exposição a terapia de ondas curtas, sem o acúmulo significativo de calor, não levou a alterações teratogênicos e não afetou o peso dos fetos ou o peso dos órgãos internos desidratados.

In vitro effect of cell phone radiation on motility, DNA fragmentation and clusterin gene expression in human sperm

Use of cellular phones emitting radiofrequency electromagnetic field [RF-EMF] has been increased exponentially and become a part of everyday life. This study aimed to investigate the effects of in vitro RF-EMF exposure emitted from cellular phones on sperm motility index, sperm DNA fragmentation and seminal clusterin [CLU] gene expression. In this prospective study, a total of 124 semen samples were grouped into the following main categories: i. normozoospermia [N, n=26], ii. Asthenozoospermia [A, n=32], iii. asthenoteratozoospermia [AT, n=31] and iv. Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia [OAT, n=35]. The same semen samples were then divided into two portions non-exposed and exposed samples to cell phone radiation for 1 hour. Before and immediately after exposure, both aliquots were subjected to different assessments for sperm motility, acrosin activity, sperm DNA fragmentation and CLU gene expression. Statistical differences were analyzed using paired t student test for comparisons between two sub-groups where p<0.05 was set as significant. There was a significant decrease in sperm motility, sperm linear velocity, sperm linearity index, and sperm acrosin activity, whereas there was a significant increase in sperm DNA fragmentation percent, CLU gene expression and CLU protein levels in the exposed semen samples to RF-EMF compared with non-exposed samples in OAT>AT>A>N groups, respectively [p<0.05]. Cell phone emissions have a negative impact on exposed sperm motility index, sperm acrosin activity, sperm DNA fragmentation and seminal CLU gene expression, especially in OAT cases